At the Special Education Foundation, we believe inclusion starts with something simple: seeing the person first, building genuine connections, and treating everyone with respect.

For people who may not have much experience interacting with someone with a disability, it can sometimes feel uncomfortable or uncertain. That uncertainty often comes from a fear of saying the wrong thing or not knowing how to help. But meaningful inclusion doesn’t require having all the answers. It starts with being open, respectful, and willing to learn.

Every person is different, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach to interacting with people with disabilities. These simple guidelines can help create more comfortable, respectful, and inclusive interactions.

Just Be Yourself

One of the best things you can do when interacting with someone with a disability is to relax and be yourself. Don’t avoid someone because you’re worried about saying or doing the wrong thing.

Talk to the person the same way you would talk to anyone else. Make eye contact, have a conversation, and get to know them. If you accidentally use the wrong word or make a mistake, don’t panic. A simple apology and moving forward is usually all that’s needed.

Follow the Person’s Lead

People have different preferences when it comes to how they talk about disability. Some prefer person-first language, such as “a student with autism,” while others prefer identity-first language, such as “an autistic student.”

The best approach? Listen to how a person describes themselves and follow their lead. Most importantly, remember that a disability is only one part of a person’s identity. Take the time to learn about their interests, personality, strengths, and goals, too.

Avoid Making Assumptions

Never assume what a person can or cannot do based on their disability.

A person may need assistance in one situation and be completely independent in another. Give people the opportunity to communicate their needs and make their own choices.

And remember: disability does not make someone inspirational simply for doing everyday things. People with disabilities are living their lives, pursuing goals, working, learning, building relationships, and enjoying their communities just like everyone else.

Ask Before You Help

Helping someone may seem like the right thing to do, but it’s important to ask first. Moving someone’s wheelchair, grabbing someone’s arm, carrying their belongings, or stepping in to complete a task without permission can be frustrating or intrusive.

If someone appears to need assistance, simply ask, “Can I help?” Then respect their answer.

Make Accessibility Part of Inclusion

Inclusion extends beyond face-to-face interactions. Consider accessibility in the spaces and information you share. For example:

• Add captions to videos.
• Use descriptive alt text for images.
• Provide accessible documents.
• Make sure physical spaces are accessible.
• Allow additional time or flexibility when appropriate.
• Consider different ways people may communicate and participate.

Small changes can make it easier for more people to access information, participate, and feel welcome.

Don’t Be Afraid to Ask Respectful Questions

A disability doesn’t have to be an uncomfortable or off-limits topic. When the relationship and situation are appropriate, respectful questions can help us better understand one another.

The key is to ask rather than assume. Be curious without being intrusive, and remember that no one is obligated to share personal information about their disability.

Practice the Platinum Rule

We often hear about the Golden Rule: Treat others the way you want to be treated.

When it comes to disability inclusion, consider taking it one step further with the Platinum Rule: Treat people the way they want to be treated. Listen. Ask. Respect individual preferences. Give people the opportunity to tell you what works best for them.

At SEF, we know that every student, family, and educator brings unique experiences, strengths, and perspectives to our community. Creating a more inclusive community begins when we move beyond uncertainty and simply connect—with respect, kindness, and an open mind.

Inclusion isn’t about having the perfect words or knowing exactly what to do. It’s about being willing to listen, learn, and make space for everyone to participate.